Articles from Debian Linux Tutorials,Howtos

ssh on multiple servers Using cluster ssh
2007-11-29 03:28:55
Cluster SSH opens terminal windows with connections to specified hosts and an administration console. Any text typed into the administration console is replicated to all other connected and active windows. This tool is intended for, but not limited to, cluster administration where the same configuration or commands must be run on each node within the cluster. Performing these commands all at once via this tool ensures all nodes are kept in sync. Introduction What is ClusterSSH and what is it used for? Ever had to make the same change on more than one Linux/unix server? Find it annoyingly painful to keep repeating the exact same commands again and again and again? This tool addresses exactly this problem. You run a utility (cssh) providing a number of server names as parameters, and then xterms opens up to each server with an extra “console” window. Anything typed into the console is replicated into each server window (so, for examples, you can edit the same file on N machi ...

How to setup Apache Tomcat 5.5 on Debian Etch
2007-11-26 17:29:46
Apache Tomcat is a web container, or application server developed at the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). Tomcat implements the servlet and the JavaServer Pages (JSP) specifications from Sun Microsystems, providing an environment for Java code to run in cooperation with a web server. It adds tools for configuration and management but can also be configured by editing configuration files that are normally XML-formatted. Tomcat includes its own internal HTTP server. First Sun JDK 5 need to be installed. It can be installed from Debian repository with unstable software First you need to edit /etc/apt/sources.list file #vi /etc/apt/sources.list Add the following lines # for sun-java packages in unstable deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ unstable non-free deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ unstable non-free Save and exit the file. Now you need to Update apt using the following command #apt-get update Install jdk using the following command #apt-get install sun-java5-jdk Check the java ...

How to Install Adobe Reader 8.1.1 on Debian Linux
2007-11-24 22:55:29
Adobe Acrobat is a family of application software by Adobe Systems. These applications use Adobe’s Portable Document Format (PDF) as their native file format.Adobe Reader (formerly called Acrobat Reader) is available as a no-charge download from Adobe’s web site, and allows the viewing and printing of PDF files. Adobe Reader Requirements for Linux 32-bit Intel Pentium processor or equivalent Red Hat Linux WS 5, SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop (SLED) 10 and Ubuntu 6.10,Debian 3.1 and Above. GNOME or KDE desktop environment 512 MB of RAM (1 GB recommended) Up to 125 MB of available hard-disk space GTK+ (GIMP Toolkit) user interface library, version 2.6 or higher Firefox 1.5 or higher; Mozilla 1.73 or higher Adobe Reader Features Support for playing Multimedia-enabled PDF documents for supported media types (linux). Play Flash, Real media and more! Support for participating in Shared Reviews along with other users of Adobe Reader 8.x on Unix, and Adobe Reader/Acrobat 8.x on ...

Howto Recover Cisco Router Password
2007-11-21 23:06:09
This ‘How to’ is written to show the step by step password recovery of the Cisco Routers. It is assumed that you have a prior knowledge of what a router is and its basic function. It is also assumed the you are having some experience of configuring the router. Please do not follow these steps if you are a new to Routers, as this can damage the IOS or any physical interface of the router. 1.Connect a computer to the router’s Console port using the Console cable that came with your router (it is usually flat and light blue). Use these terminal settings: * 9600 baud rate * No parity * 8 data bits * 1 stop bit * No flow control 2.Turn the router off using the power switch and turn it back on. 3.Once text starts popping up on the screen, send the break command CTRL + B or CTRL +BREAK (sometimes it is CTRL +X). This will abort the boot and present you with a rommon 1> prompt 4.From the new prompt you need to change the configuration register using the following command: confre ...

FreeNX Server and Client Installation in Debian Etch
2007-11-20 01:10:29
FreeNX is a system that allows you to access your desktop from another machine over the internet. You can use this to login graphically to your desktop from a remote location. One example of its use would be to have a FreeNX server set up on your home computer, and graphically logging in to the home computer from your work computer, using a FreeNX client. Terminology You Should know The Server is the computer you want to connect to. This is the computer where the FreeNX server will need to be installed. The name of the Ubuntu package providing the server is “freenx”. For the example used here, the home computer is the server. The Client is the computer from which you want to be able to access the Server. The name of the Ubuntu package providing the client is “nxclient”. For the example used here, the work computer is the client. Install Required software NX server needs ssh and some libraries to run. These packages are normally not installed during the basic ...

Cisco Layer 2 Switch Functions
2007-11-18 03:20:44
Layer 2 switch is A network device that forwards traffic based on MAC layer (Ethernet or Token Ring) addresses. Bridging technology has been around since the 1980s (and maybe even earlier). Bridging involves segmentation of local-area networks (LANs) at the Layer 2 level. A multiport bridge typically learns about the Media Access Control (MAC) addresses on each of its ports and transparently passes MAC frames destined to those ports. These bridges also ensure that frames destined for MAC addresses that lie on the same port as the originating station are not forwarded to the other ports. For the sake of this discussion, we consider only Ethernet LANs. Layer 2 switches effectively provide the same functionality. They are similar to multiport bridges in that they learn and forward frames on each port. The major difference is the involvement of hardware that ensures that multiple switching paths inside the switch can be active at the same time. There are three distinct functions of layer ...

Working with vast raster images: NIP2
2007-11-16 01:40:29
Problem: one have vast raster image, which is needed to be processed and enhanced. And seeing of intermediate result and possibility of tuning the parameters are required. Solution: the unique image processing tool for processing museum images - nip2 - helps us, and it incorporated in Debian GNU/Linux distribution. Install nip2 in Debian #apt-get install nip2 This will complete the installation. An approach of nip2: images as tables Non-standard and very productive approach is realised in this outstanding program: each image is placed in cell of table. It can be viewed, and it will be appearing by blocks. Such approach saves great amount of time and RAM. When you applying some image processing filter, you selecting the cell with image to be processed. Thus, operative recalculation of image processing results is possible. Every time when you apply new filter, it brings resulted image to be inserted in next cell of table, where likewise added parameters of image processing filters. Th ...

Quick PDF sorting and searching: SWISH++
2007-11-15 03:16:16
Problem: using SWISH++ it is possible to search and sort PDF-files automatically Solution: tools like pdftotext, find, scripts on Bash or Perl are required to perform quick and fast search within PDF and indexing PDF documents. The common way is to use Beagle or some other searching stuff, but I show how SWISH++ can do the same, but much, much more fast and resource-efficient. Introduction: How indexing within PDF Perl-lovers likes to say that “there is more than one way to do it”. So, that`s my way to do it. Briefly, solve consists from these steps: use find to search all pdf documents and converting them to text with pdftotext tool indexing this text files with index++ and getting index file experimentally choosing level of relevant searching in index file with keywords using search++ found files moving into required directory Searching in PDF-documents and getting text from them Simply asking find tool to search all *.pdf files and for everyone executing pdftotext ...

Howto Setup Cisco Router Enable Password
2007-11-14 06:00:22
There are five passwords used to secure your Cisco routers: console, auxiliary, telnet (VTY),enable password, and enable secret. Just as you learned earlier in the chapter, the first two passwords are used to set your enable password that’s used to secure privileged mode. This will prompt a user for a password when the enable command is used. The other three are used to configure a password when user mode is accessed either through the console port, through the auxiliary port, or via Telnet. Setup Enable Passwords You set the enable passwords from global configuration mode like this Router(config)#enable ? last-resort - Define enable action if no TACACS servers respond password - Assign the privileged level password secret - Assign the privileged level secret use-tacacs - Use TACACS to check enable passwords The following points describe the enable password parameters Last-resort - Allows you to still enter the router if you set up authentication through a TACACS server and it’s ...

Howto setup cisco router Hostnames
2007-11-13 03:10:24
You can set the identity of the router with the hostname command. This is only locally significant,which means that it has no bearing on how the router performs name lookups or how the router works on the internetwork. Here’s an example Router#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#hostname debianadmin debianadmin(config)#hostname london london(config)# Even though it’s pretty tempting to configure the hostname after your own name, it’s definitely a better idea to name the router something pertinent to the location. This is because giving it a hostname that’s somehow relevant to where the device actually lives will make finding it a whole lot easier. And it also helps you confirm that you are, indeed, configuring the right device. Tags: configure router hostname, Network, setup cisco router hostname, setup router hostnameconfigure router hostname, Network, setup cisco router hostname, setup router hostname ©2008 Debian Admin. ...

Securing Cisco Routers by Disabling Unused Services
2007-11-12 05:43:17
On Cisco routers, a whole bunch of services come enabled by default.your first order of operation would be to ensure that the all unused services are disabled. Now we will see how to disable some services on cisco router for security purpose. Disable bootp Server bootp is enabled by default, and if you are not using it, you should definitely disable it. You can use the no ip bootp server command in global configuration mode to disable bootp on your routers Test(config)# no ip bootp server Disable CDP Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is also enabled by default, and we highly recommend that you disable this service on the router globally. You can disable CDP globally by using the no cdp run command in global configuration mode, or you can disable CDP on a per-interface basis by using the no cdp enable command in interface configuration mode Test(config)#no cdp run Test(config-if)#no cdp enable Note The no cdp run command disables CDP globally on the routers. Disable ip classless The ip cl ...

Howto make partition changes visible to the kernel without reboot
2007-11-11 06:19:17
Many system administrators may be in the habit of re-booting their systems to make partition changes visible to the kernel. With Linux, this is not usually necessary. The partprobe command, from the parted package, informs the kernel about changes to partitions. The GNU Parted disk partition resizing program.GNU Parted is a program that allows you to create, destroy, resize, move and copy hard disk partitions. This is useful for creating space for new operating systems, reorganising disk usage, and copying data to new hard disks. This package contains the Parted binary and manual page. Parted currently supports DOS, Mac, Sun, BSD, GPT, MIPS and PC98 disklabels/partition tables, as well as a ‘loop’ (raw disk) type which allows use on RAID/LVM. Filesystems which are currently fully supported are ext2, ext3, fat (FAT16 and FAT32), ReiserFS (with libreiserfs) and linux-swap. Parted can also detect and remove HFS (Mac OS), JFS, NTFS, UFS (Sun and HP), XFS and ASFS/AFFS/APFS (A ...

Howto bind ssh to selected IP address
2007-11-08 08:45:39
ssh (SSH client) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. It is intended to replace rlogin and rsh, and provide secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary TCP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel. We all know, by default installation of openssh daemon service (sshd), it binds itself to all existing IP address from given host. Alternatively, if you wish to bind sshd service to selected IP address, this is possible by simply editing /etc/ssh/sshd_config file. First, always make a backup copy of conf files you wish to edit. # cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.backup Launch your fave text editor and edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config #vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config Go to specific lines that shows ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ListenAddress * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you wish to bind ssh to existing 2 IP address, let’s say 192.168.1.5 and ...

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) Screenshots Tour
2007-11-05 03:21:45
Ubuntu is a community developed, linux-based operating system that is perfect for laptops, desktops and servers. It contains all the applications you need - a web browser, presentation, document and spreadsheet software, instant messaging and much more.The most recent version, Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon), was released on October 18, 2007. This screenshots tour includes internet multimedia,graphics,system applications,network application and other applications click on the image for complete Gallery. Gutsy Gibbon Gallary Tags: Other Linux, Ubuntu 7.10 screenshots tour, Ubuntu gutsy gibbon screenshots, Ubuntu gutsy gibbon screenshots gallary, Ubuntu gutsy gibbon screenshots tourOther Linux, Ubuntu 7.10 screenshots tour, Ubuntu gutsy gibbon screenshots, Ubuntu gutsy gibbon screenshots gallary, Ubuntu gutsy gibbon screenshots tour ...

How to configure Splashy Scree on debian
2007-11-02 06:59:10
Tired of watching screens full of hardware releated info scrolling past during Startup and shutdown. Welcome to the world of Splash Screen, Screenshots Here In earlier stage bootsplash screen was configured throught a lot of kernel hacking and using it has a hell lot of hardwork including recompilling of kernel. But the newest form SPLASHY in a userspace implementation of kernel so that it provides all the necessary features right at userspace. In debian installing splashy is just a matter of few commands 1) IF you don’t have unstable repo’s in your source list then follow it otherwise skip to step 3 echo "deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list echo “deb-src http://http.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free” >> /etc/apt/sources.list 2) then apt-get update 3) last apt-get install splashy splashy-themes After this what you need to is just one thing open your menu.lst (/boot/grub/menu.lst) and ...

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